Bariatric surgery or weight loss surgery is designed to help patients lose
weight quickly and safely. There are three procedures commonly performed,
the 胃旁路手术, the adjustable gastric band and the sleeve gastrectomy.
All can be performed using minimally invasive laparoscopic surgical techniques
if the patient meets certain criteria.
胃旁路手术
The most common and successful surgical weight loss procedure is the Roux-en-Y
胃旁路手术. Not only does 胃旁路手术 generate weight loss, it
has also been recognized to resolve type 2 diabetes long before any weight
loss even takes place. During surgery, a small 胃 pouch is created
to restrict food intake. Afterward, a Y-shaped section of the small intestine
is re-routed and attached to the new pouch. This allows food to bypass
the lower 胃 and the upper parts of the small intestine, reducing
the amount of calories and nutrients the body absorbs. 胃小
pouch created during surgery can hold only about two to four tablespoons
(three ounces), drastically reducing the amount of food that can be eaten
有一段时间. A 胃旁路手术 patient will typically lose 75% of their
excess body weight in the first 18 months which is maintained long-term.
In most cases, the Roux-en-Y 胃旁路手术 procedure can be achieved through
minimally-invasive laparoscopic methods.
Dr. 罗伯特T. Marema, M.D., F.A.C.S., was a pioneer in the development of laparoscopic techniques in bariatric surgery.
As with any laparoscopic procedure, the recovery time, patient discomfort
and risks are reduced when compared to open surgery. 然而，并非所有
patients are candidates for laparoscopic procedures. Gastric bypass surgery
carries the same risks as any other major abdominal surgery.
Shortly after surgery patients are back in their hospital room. 坐着
up in a chair or walking around is encouraged. 病人 are usually discharged
约. 2 days post surgery. Gradually, physical activity will increase,
with near-normal or normal activity resuming a few weeks after surgery.
Sleeve Gastrectomy
Dr. Marema was the first surgeon in Florida and second in the world to
perform a single-incision vertical sleeve gastrectomy. He has since trained
physicians from around the globe on this procedure.
Vertical sleeve gastrectomy is the latest and fastest growing type of surgical
weight loss procedure, which dramatically minimizes the size of a patient's
胃. The 胃 is divided lengthwise and a narrow, banana-shaped
tube (sleeve) is created by removing 80% or more of the 胃. 胃
tube is much smaller than the 胃's natural size, thus restricting
the amount of food that can be eaten at a given time. 剩余部分
the 胃 is removed and, since no bypass is created, absorption of
nutrients remains normal. The procedure takes about 30 minutes and has
been reported to produce a loss of 50% or more of excess weight.
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